[Python] 字串處理, 檔案讀取, 系統參數, Trace目錄

Python 字串處理:

                                                                        return value
切token :  str.split(delimiter)                 list
找字尾 :   str.endswith(endString)        bool (有沒有找到)
找字首：   str.startswith(startString)   bool (有沒有找到)
找子字串 : str.find(subString)               子字串的開頭位址
去空白  :  str.strip()                                    string

Regular expression:

re.search(regex, subject)
re.match(regex, subject)
re.findall(regex, subject)
re.finditer(regex, subject)
re.sub(regex, replacement, subject)
re.split(regex, subject)
re.complie(regex, subject)

檔案處理:

fp = open(file, "r")  #讀檔
fileString = fp.read()  #把整個檔案讀入buffer
fileLines  = fp.readlines() #把整個檔案以一行一行形式讀入list

執行參數:

import sys

sys.argv #參數個數
sys.argv[1] #第1個參數

Trace 目錄:

import os, sys
from stat import *

def walktree(top, callback):
'''recursively descend the directory tree rooted at top,
   calling the callback function for each regular file'''

for f in os.listdir(top):
    pathname = os.path.join(top, f)
    mode = os.stat(pathname)[ST_MODE]
    if S_ISDIR(mode):
        # It's a directory, recurse into it
        walktree(pathname, callback)
    elif S_ISREG(mode):
        # It's a file, call the callback function
        callback(pathname)
    else:
        # Unknown file type, print a message
        print 'Skipping %s' % pathname

def visitfile(file):
print 'visiting', file

if __name__ == '__main__':
walktree(sys.argv[1], visitfile)

參考資料:
Python's re Module
stat -- Interpreting stat() results
Common string operations
Python Library Reference